What is the term for the legal authority of the government to enact regulations for public health?

The legal authority of the government to enact regulations for public health is referred to as police power. This concept allows governments to take actions necessary to protect and promote the health, safety, and welfare of the public. Through police power, various regulations can be established, such as vaccination mandates, sanitation standards, and controls on harmful substances, all aimed at safeguarding public health.

This term embodies the state's ability to impose restrictions and obligations on individuals and entities when it comes to health matters. It is crucial for ensuring that communal health risks are managed effectively and that vulnerable populations are protected from potential harm.

In contrast, public policy refers to the broader framework of laws and regulations established by governments to govern society, while health equity addresses the fair distribution of resources and opportunities for health across different populations. Regulatory oversight involves monitoring compliance with laws and regulations, but does not encompass the initial authority to establish those regulations. Thus, police power specifically encapsulates the government's foundational legal authority to act in the interest of public health.